Mahlet Demsew, Hawassa University
The experience of being Black in a society permeated by systemic racism and historical oppression carries profound psychological implications that shape the individual’s sense of self, relationship with others, and their place in the world. From identity formation to navigating social expectations, grappling with selfhood, and confronting pervasive racial ideologies, the psychological journey of Black individuals is complex and multifaceted. For Black people, the process of identity formation is deeply influenced by their racial identity and the social constructs that define what it means to be Black in a whole Black society or in a predominantly white society.
From a young age, Black children are exposed to racial stereotypes, biases, and discriminatory attitudes that impact their self-image and sense of belonging. Their self-identity is shaped by their own self-perception and another imposed by social expectations. As they grow up, they are often subjected to a set of social expectations that dictate how they should behave, speak, dress, and present themselves in order to conform to mainstream norms. These expectations are rooted in racial stereotypes and cultural bias that limit the expression of individuality and diversity within the Black community.
The pressure to assimilate dominant white standards of beauty, success, and behaviors can contribute to a sense of alienation, internalized racism, and loss of authentic self-expression. This is widely observed in Black women. They face unique challenges when it comes to self-perception and identity formation due to the pervasive influence of European standards of beauty and social pressure to conform to these standards. The global influence of Eurocentric standards of beauty has created an obsession with light skin and specific hair types, which excludes many Black women and reinforces the notion that their natural features are undesirable.
In contrast, in predominantly Black communities, there may be expectations and pressures to adhere to certain cultural norms and behaviors. These expectations can create a sense of being constantly scrutinized and judged, leading to feelings of anxiety and the need to constantly prove oneself. The burden of representation placed on Black individuals to counter negative stereotypes and serve as ambassadors of their race can lead to tolerating negative implications.
The constant negotiations of multiple identities and the internalized messages of inferiority perpetuated by societal structures can impact self-esteem, self-confidence, and overall well-being. Black individuals may struggle with feelings of inadequacy, imposter syndrome, and a persistent sense of not measuring up to societal standards of success and worthiness.
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